Wireless Charging for EVs: Exploring Innovative Methods and Technologies

With electric vehicles (EVs) gaining traction in the Indian market, enterprises are rapidly upgrading supporting infrastructure to make EV ownership more convenient and encourage broader adoption. This transition not only benefits drivers but also accelerates the shift toward a sustainable, carbon-free energy future.

Charging remains the cornerstone of EV infrastructure, and significant advancements have been made to improve this aspect, including the introduction of wireless electric charging.

Yes, EV owners can now enjoy the convenience of charging their vehicles without plugging them in—similar to wireless phone charging. This innovation brings new levels of efficiency, speed, and uninterrupted transportation, paving the way for a seamless driving experience.

In this blog, we’ll explore the different types of wireless EV charging architectures.

Types of Wireless Electric Charging

Wireless EV charging can be categorized into two main modes: static and dynamic, each offering unique advantages and applications. Let’s dive deeper into these methods and other technologies that make wireless EV charging possible.

1. Static EV Charging (Home or Office Charging Stations)

Static charging systems require the vehicle to remain stationary during charging. Similar to traditional wired charging, these systems use induction to transfer power wirelessly.

When an EV is parked over the designated wireless charging area, transmitters embedded under the asphalt transfer power to the receivers installed beneath the vehicle's chassis. This system is ideal for home garages, office parking lots, and other stationary locations.

2. Dynamic EV Charging (Roadways and Highways)

Dynamic charging takes wireless charging roads a step further by allowing vehicles to charge while in motion. Using mechanisms similar to static systems, dynamic charging operates seamlessly without speed constraints.

This innovation enables EV owners to drive long distances without worrying about depleting battery power. While the concept of dynamic charging roads holds immense promise, building this infrastructure requires significant investment and remains a vision for the future.

Innovative Wireless Charging Systems

Wireless EV charging isn’t limited to static and dynamic methods. Advanced technologies provide a variety of ways to wirelessly transfer energy to EVs:

1. Capacitive Wireless Charging System (CWCS)

In this method, energy is transferred wirelessly via a displacement current generated by an oscillating electric field. Instead of traditional magnets and coils, coupling capacitors facilitate the transfer.

How It Works:

  • A power factor correction circuit first processes the AC voltage for efficiency and stability.

  • The voltage is converted to high-frequency AC using an H-bridge, which creates an oscillating electric field.

  • This field induces displacement current at the receiver, which is then rectified and used to charge the EV battery.

2. Permanent Magnet Gear Wireless Charging System (PMWC)

In the PMWC system, both the transmitter and receiver feature armature windings and synchronized permanent magnets.

How It Works:

  • The transmitter, acting as a motor, uses AC current to create mechanical torque, rotating its magnet.

  • This rotation induces synchronous movement in the receiver’s magnet through magnetic interaction.

  • The receiver generates AC current, which is rectified and converted to DC to charge the EV battery.

3. Inductive Wireless Charging System (IWC)

Inductive charging relies on Faraday's law of induction to transfer power. This method uses mutual induction between transmitter and receiver coils.

How It Works:

  • An AC magnetic field generated by the transmitter coil induces power in the receiver coil.

  • The resulting AC output is filtered and rectified to charge the battery.

  • The efficiency depends on factors like frequency, mutual inductance, and the distance between coils. Inductive systems typically operate between 19 and 50 KHz.

4. Resonant Inductive Wireless Charging System (RIWC)

Resonant inductive systems use high-quality resonators to transmit energy efficiently over longer distances. Maximum power transfer occurs when the resonant frequencies of the transmitter and receiver coils match.

How It Works:

  • Additional compensation networks (series or parallel) optimize resonant frequency and minimize losses.

  • These systems operate at frequencies ranging from 10 to 150 KHz, offering higher efficiency for long-distance wireless power transfer.

Wrapping Up

The automotive industry is steadily transitioning to a future where EVs dominate the market. This shift challenges manufacturers to meet strict emission standards and demands the development of robust charging infrastructure.

As the transition from internal combustion engines (ICEs) to EVs unfolds, charging solutions will play a pivotal role in supporting this evolution. wireless charging in electric vehicles, particularly static and dynamic models, are at the forefront of this revolution, offering convenience and efficiency for EV drivers.

At HuseHQ, we are driving this change with cutting-edge wireless charging solutions tailored for homes, offices, and roadways. Our innovative technologies make it easier for facilities, businesses, and residential spaces to transition to an EV-friendly future.

Connect with us today to learn more about how we can help you embrace the future of EV charging.

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